How Nigeria can advance cleaner shipping in West Africa
Nigeria can advance its renewable energy future by strengthening climate laws, tracking maritime emissions and creating clear rules for clean energy investment.
Nigeria plays a key role in West African maritime trade, with Lagos ports handling much of the region’s shipping. This position supports the country’s economic prospects and gives it an opportunity to promote cleaner practices at sea. As countries work to cut greenhouse gas emissions, Nigeria is well placed to act. The International Maritime Organisation’s updated greenhouse gas plan, adopted in July 2023, calls for lower shipping emissions after years of heavy contributions to climate change.
At COP28 in Dubai, Nigeria announced plans to create a national emissions inventory. Developed with University College London, the project aims to produce Nigeria’s first verifiable maritime emissions inventory. Nigeria also introduced the Maritime Continuous Emissions Monitoring System, Africa’s first framework for tracking vessel emissions in real time. The system will improve transparency and accountability as the country cuts maritime emissions and meets international standards.
Nigeria needs fair standards and clear laws to attract investment in its energy sector. Former minister Lai Mohammed said these measures could create better conditions for sustainable energy businesses. In 2021, Nigeria strengthened its climate governance by passing the Climate Change Act. The law provides a legal basis for the shift to a low-carbon economy and supports the country’s international climate commitments. It may also build investor confidence and encourage sustainable growth.
Despite this progress, Nigeria still faces challenges in reducing emissions. The country has not yet set out clear plans for meeting the International Maritime Organisation’s greenhouse gas targets. The costs and timelines for port modernisation also need clarification. So do the regulatory reforms needed to attract clean energy investment. Addressing these issues will help Nigeria meet its commitment to net-zero emissions by 2060.
As Nigeria expands renewable energy, cleaner maritime practices can support its climate goals. Targeted investment, strong regulations, and steady emissions cuts can also support sustainable development across West Africa. Continued cooperation and practical action will be needed to keep that progress on track.
